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Anatomy and Physiology of Animals

Understanding the Basics

Veterinary nurses must have a solid understanding of animal anatomy and physiology to comprehend the impact of various conditions and treatments.

Fields of Anatomy

Anatomy involves studying the structure of animals, both externally and internally. It encompasses:

• Gross anatomy: Examines the visible structures of the body.
• Microscopic anatomy: Explores the structures at the cellular and tissue levels.
• Developmental anatomy: Investigates the changes in an animal's body as it develops.

The Integumentary System

The integumentary system forms the outermost layer of an animal's body and includes:

• Skin: Protects the body, regulates temperature, and produces vitamin D.
• Hair: Insulates the body and provides protection.
• Glands: Secrete sweat, oil, and hormones.
• Nails and claws: Provide support and protection.

Understanding Animal Diversity

Animals exhibit a wide range of forms and functions. Their body plans influence their size, shape, and movement. From sponges to mammals, each animal has evolved unique adaptations that allow them to thrive in their respective environments.

Adapted from OpenStax

This article is an adapted version of “Anatomy & Physiology” by OpenStax, licensed under CC BY.